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July 20, 2022

We need to … dismantle the ideas of patriarchy, misogyny, racism and capitalism, and [decide] what autonomy and self-determination needs to look like for women.   Ilhan Omar, Dec. 5, 2017

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The evil “patriarchy” that saved Ilhan Omar from the violence in her native Somalia by bringing her to America when she was a child is apparently dedicated to the oppression of American women.  Rep. Alexandria Ocasio Cortez (AOC) states that “Patriarchy [is] about women not having control over their lives.”  Rep. Ayanna Pressley states that “Patriarchy threatens all women” and that “abortion prohibitions are rooted in patriarchy and white supremacy.”  Rep. Cori Bush asks for help to “smash the patriarchy”.

Politico gushes that “Rather than … set about dismantling the patriarchy by taking on sex-discrimination cases, Sen. Elizabeth Warren chose to enter male fields and compete toe-to-toe.”  There is even an “Elizabeth Warren Crush the Patriarchy Feminist Floral Sweatshirt” commemorating her 2020 run for the presidency, illustrating that one can even make good capitalist dollars off such anti-capitalist tropes.  AOC even told Vogue that she courageously fights the patriarchy with her confidence-boosting trademark Latina “perfect red lip”.

By “the patriarchy” feminists do not merely mean a culture in which lineage is traced through the male but rather a culture in which males are dominant and oppress women.  AOC, Omar, Pressley, Warren, Powers and others make clear that their concept of the patriarchy is, conveniently for their careers, a motley grab-bag of all the political bogymen they oppose: misogyny, racism, white supremacy, and capitalism.  

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The surprising presence of capitalism in Omar’s description derives from the fact that the feminist concept of the patriarchy traces to Marxism (i.e., communism.  Marx employed the notion of the “patriarchal family” to refer to “the social relation of domestic production … that performed necessary functions under capitalism”).  More than 50 years ago, modern feminist theorists began linking Marxism to their burgeoning movement. Since the concept has Marxist roots, it is necessary to review the basic tenets of Marxism if one is to understand the linkage.

Marx’s core view is that a capitalist system is characterized by a class struggle between the capitalists (the “bourgeois”), who “own the means of production,” that is, the factories, machines, raw materials, etc., needed to produce a commodity, and the workers who are forced to sell their labor to capitalists. Since Marx holds that human labor is the source of economic value, and since the capitalist does not pay the workers for the “surplus value” the workers have added to the commodity via their labor, the capitalist exploits the workers.  The reason the workers enter into this unfair bargain is that since the capitalist owns “the means of production”, the workers have no real choice in the matter. 

Engels, in an 1884 essay, fleshes out Marx’s concept of the patriarchy explaining that the modern family is “based on the … enslavement of the woman,” where the man as the bread-winner “is the bourgeois [capitalist]” while “the wife represents the proletariat.” 

First, Engels’s analogy between the husband and wife as, respectively, the capitalist and the proletariat, is strained at best.  The idea that the husband who, in Marx’s view, is himself enslaved by the capitalist, and who, upon returning home exhausted with his meagre wages, gives them to his wife to manage the household, “owns the means of production” within the family like a capitalist in a factory is bizarre. 

More importantly, Marx states on the first page of Vol. 2 of Capital that his aim is to describe a “pure” capitalist system that abstracts from an enormous number of factors found in actual historical “capitalist” economies.  Marx thereby makes a plethora of assumptions that are simply not satisfied in modern Western countries. The most obvious is that most Western democracies do not have a pure capitalist system but are mixed economies in which “free markets coexist with government intervention [including] state-owned enterprises (such as public health or education systems), regulations , subsidies,” that benefit people.  In the United States, unlike Marx’s abstraction in Capital, the government provides an enormous number of services to women that distinguish them from the “slaves” of the fantasized Marxist patriarchy.  Further, women outnumber men at colleges by a large margin.  Young women now out earn young men in many major US cities, and so on.

Despite this, feminists like Kirsten Powers thinks it is obvious women in the United States are oppressed by a patriarchy,