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April 27, 2023

The Science – Part 1

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Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI, aka early menopause) affects approximately 1% of women in their 30s, 0.5% of women in their 20s, and one in ten thousand adolescent girls. This rarity among girls is because irregular or missing menstrual cycles are normal during puberty. Causes include cancer treatments, genetic abnormalities, autoimmune diseases and, sometimes, surgery.

Normally, menopause takes about a decade before full-blown symptoms appear. With POI, onset can be sudden. Symptoms are infertility, hot flashes, dry eyes, night sweats, brittle bones, irritation, vaginal dryness and atrophy, lack of sexual interest, and difficulty concentrating. Treatment usually consists of estrogen therapy which alleviates many symptoms, though it cannot restore lost fertility. No one in her right mind chooses to suffer from POI.

Estrogen activates and regulates the female reproductive cycle. During puberty, it finalizes bone length and density. It governs the expression of secondary sexual characteristics (like breast development, body hair, curves). Estrogen regulates blood flow and circulation, collagen and skin moisture, and cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

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In adolescent girls, estrogen controls myelination—“a process in which nerve fibers are enveloped in a fatty white sheath (myelin) that greatly accelerates signaling across the brain,” increasing thought speed by upwards of 100 times. In the female brain, it has “prominent effects on mood and cognitive functioning in domains such as working memory and executive control.”

Image: Teenage girl (edited) by freepik.

The Science – Part 2

Studies show that people on the autism spectrum are six times more likely to claim to be gender-diverse than non-autistic people. The 7th edition (2011) of WPATH’s (World Professional Association for Transgender Health) Standards of Care noted that “The prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders seems to be higher in clinically referred, gender dysphoric children than in the general population….(page 12)”

According to one study, “Data indicate that 82% of transgender individuals have considered killing themselves and 40% have attempted suicide, with suicidality highest among transgender youth.” Upwards of 66% of autistic adults engage in suicidal ideation, and as many as 50% attempt suicide. Coincidence here seems to approach correlation.

The characteristics of girls on the autism spectrum are similar to gender dysphoria’s symptoms. One recent study found that autism is associated with masculinization (higher levels of androgens in the body) and argues that gender dysphoria reflects autism traits that lead to anxiety and questioning one’s sense of self.

One study is clear that gender dysphoria in children is highly comorbid with a broad range of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, behavioral disorders, and autism, as well as adverse childhood experiences including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, neglect, and exposure to domestic violence.